Safety and effectiveness of azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: An open-label randomised trial.
Identifieur interne : 000237 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000236; suivant : 000238Safety and effectiveness of azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: An open-label randomised trial.
Auteurs : Ehsan Sekhavati [Iran] ; Fatemeh Jafari [Iran] ; Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi [Iran] ; Saeidreza Jamalimoghadamsiahkali [Iran] ; Sara Sadr [Iran] ; Mohammad Tabarestani [Iran] ; Mohammad Pirhayati [Iran] ; Abolfazl Zendehdel [Iran] ; Navid Manafi [Iran] ; Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi [Iran] ; Zahra Ahmadinejad [Iran] ; Hamid Emadi Kouchak [Iran] ; Sirous Jafari [Iran] ; Hosein Khalili [Iran] ; Mohamadreza Salehi [Iran] ; Arash Seifi [Iran] ; Fereshteh Shahmari Golestan [Iran] ; Fereshteh Ghiasvand [Iran]Source :
- International journal of antimicrobial agents [ 1872-7913 ] ; 2020.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte (MeSH), Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH), Analyse de survie (MeSH), Anti-infectieux (usage thérapeutique), Association médicamenteuse (MeSH), Azithromycine (usage thérapeutique), Betacoronavirus (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques), Betacoronavirus (pathogénicité), Femelle (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (usage thérapeutique), Infections à coronavirus (anatomopathologie), Infections à coronavirus (imagerie diagnostique), Infections à coronavirus (mortalité), Infections à coronavirus (traitement médicamenteux), Lopinavir (usage thérapeutique), Lymphocytes T (anatomopathologie), Lymphocytes T (virologie), Mâle (MeSH), Pandémies (MeSH), Pneumopathie virale (anatomopathologie), Pneumopathie virale (imagerie diagnostique), Pneumopathie virale (mortalité), Pneumopathie virale (traitement médicamenteux), Pronostic (MeSH), Protéine C-réactive (métabolisme), Ritonavir (usage thérapeutique), Rythme cardiaque (physiologie), Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH), Sujet âgé (MeSH), Sécurité des patients (MeSH), Tests de la fonction respiratoire (MeSH), Tomodensitométrie (MeSH), Unités de soins intensifs (MeSH), Évolution de la maladie (MeSH).
- MESH :
- anatomopathologie : Infections à coronavirus, Lymphocytes T, Pneumopathie virale.
- effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques : Betacoronavirus.
- imagerie diagnostique : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- mortalité : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- métabolisme : Protéine C-réactive.
- pathogénicité : Betacoronavirus.
- physiologie : Rythme cardiaque.
- traitement médicamenteux : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- usage thérapeutique : Anti-infectieux, Azithromycine, Hydroxychloroquine, Lopinavir, Ritonavir.
- virologie : Lymphocytes T.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse de survie, Association médicamenteuse, Femelle, Humains, Mâle, Pandémies, Pronostic, Résultat thérapeutique, Sujet âgé, Sécurité des patients, Tests de la fonction respiratoire, Tomodensitométrie, Unités de soins intensifs, Évolution de la maladie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Aged (MeSH), Anti-Infective Agents (therapeutic use), Azithromycin (therapeutic use), Betacoronavirus (drug effects), Betacoronavirus (pathogenicity), C-Reactive Protein (metabolism), Coronavirus Infections (diagnostic imaging), Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy), Coronavirus Infections (mortality), Coronavirus Infections (pathology), Disease Progression (MeSH), Drug Combinations (MeSH), Female (MeSH), Heart Rate (physiology), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use), Intensive Care Units (MeSH), Lopinavir (therapeutic use), Male (MeSH), Middle Aged (MeSH), Pandemics (MeSH), Patient Safety (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (diagnostic imaging), Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy), Pneumonia, Viral (mortality), Pneumonia, Viral (pathology), Prognosis (MeSH), Respiratory Function Tests (MeSH), Ritonavir (therapeutic use), Survival Analysis (MeSH), T-Lymphocytes (pathology), T-Lymphocytes (virology), Tomography, X-Ray Computed (MeSH), Treatment Outcome (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : C-Reactive Protein.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Anti-Infective Agents, Azithromycin, Hydroxychloroquine, Lopinavir, Ritonavir.
- diagnostic imaging : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- drug effects : Betacoronavirus.
- drug therapy : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- mortality : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- pathogenicity : Betacoronavirus.
- pathology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral, T-Lymphocytes.
- physiology : Heart Rate.
- virology : T-Lymphocytes.
- Adult, Aged, Disease Progression, Drug Combinations, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Patient Safety, Prognosis, Respiratory Function Tests, Survival Analysis, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
As no specific pharmacological treatment has been validated for use in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we aimed to assess the effectiveness of azithromycin (AZM) in these patients at a referral centre in Iran. An open-label, randomised controlled trial was conducted on patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. A total of 55 patients in the control group receiving hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) were compared with 56 patients in the case group who in addition to the same regimen also received AZM. Patients with prior cardiac disease were excluded from the study. Furthermore, patients from the case group were assessed for cardiac arrythmia risk based on the American College of Cardiology (ACC) risk assessment for use of AZM and HCQ. The main outcome measures were vital signs, SpO2 levels, duration of hospitalisation, need for and length of intensive care unit admission, mortality rate and results of 30-day follow-up after discharge. Initially, there was no significant difference between the general conditions and vital signs of the two groups. The SpO2 levels at discharge were significantly higher, the respiratory rate was lower and the duration of admission was shorter in the case group. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the two groups. Patients who received AZM in addition to HCQ and LPV/r had a better general condition. HCQ+AZM combination may be beneficial for individuals who are known to have a very low underlying risk for cardiac arrhythmia based on the ACC criteria.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106143
PubMed: 32853672
PubMed Central: PMC7445147
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zendehdel, Abolfazl" sort="Zendehdel, Abolfazl" uniqKey="Zendehdel A" first="Abolfazl" last="Zendehdel">Abolfazl Zendehdel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Geriatric Department, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Geriatric Department, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manafi, Navid" sort="Manafi, Navid" uniqKey="Manafi N" first="Navid" last="Manafi">Navid Manafi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hajiabdolbaghi, Mahboubeh" sort="Hajiabdolbaghi, Mahboubeh" uniqKey="Hajiabdolbaghi M" first="Mahboubeh" last="Hajiabdolbaghi">Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmadinejad, Zahra" sort="Ahmadinejad, Zahra" uniqKey="Ahmadinejad Z" first="Zahra" last="Ahmadinejad">Zahra Ahmadinejad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kouchak, Hamid Emadi" sort="Kouchak, Hamid Emadi" uniqKey="Kouchak H" first="Hamid Emadi" last="Kouchak">Hamid Emadi Kouchak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jafari, Sirous" sort="Jafari, Sirous" uniqKey="Jafari S" first="Sirous" last="Jafari">Sirous Jafari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khalili, Hosein" sort="Khalili, Hosein" uniqKey="Khalili H" first="Hosein" last="Khalili">Hosein Khalili</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salehi, Mohamadreza" sort="Salehi, Mohamadreza" uniqKey="Salehi M" first="Mohamadreza" last="Salehi">Mohamadreza Salehi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seifi, Arash" sort="Seifi, Arash" uniqKey="Seifi A" first="Arash" last="Seifi">Arash Seifi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Golestan, Fereshteh Shahmari" sort="Golestan, Fereshteh Shahmari" uniqKey="Golestan F" first="Fereshteh Shahmari" last="Golestan">Fereshteh Shahmari Golestan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghiasvand, Fereshteh" sort="Ghiasvand, Fereshteh" uniqKey="Ghiasvand F" first="Fereshteh" last="Ghiasvand">Fereshteh Ghiasvand</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran. Electronic address: ghiasvand_62@yahoo.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32853672</idno><idno type="pmid">32853672</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106143</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7445147</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000462</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000462</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000462</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000462</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000462</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Safety and effectiveness of azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: An open-label randomised trial.</title><author><name sortKey="Sekhavati, Ehsan" sort="Sekhavati, Ehsan" uniqKey="Sekhavati E" first="Ehsan" last="Sekhavati">Ehsan Sekhavati</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Cardiology, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Cardiology, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jafari, Fatemeh" sort="Jafari, Fatemeh" uniqKey="Jafari F" first="Fatemeh" last="Jafari">Fatemeh Jafari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran; Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: fatemejafari72@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran; Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seyedalinaghi, Seyedahmad" sort="Seyedalinaghi, Seyedahmad" uniqKey="Seyedalinaghi S" first="Seyedahmad" last="Seyedalinaghi">Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali, Saeidreza" sort="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali, Saeidreza" uniqKey="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali S" first="Saeidreza" last="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali">Saeidreza Jamalimoghadamsiahkali</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadr, Sara" sort="Sadr, Sara" uniqKey="Sadr S" first="Sara" last="Sadr">Sara Sadr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sari</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabarestani, Mohammad" sort="Tabarestani, Mohammad" uniqKey="Tabarestani M" first="Mohammad" last="Tabarestani">Mohammad Tabarestani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Medical Students Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Medical Students Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Sari</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirhayati, Mohammad" sort="Pirhayati, Mohammad" uniqKey="Pirhayati M" first="Mohammad" last="Pirhayati">Mohammad Pirhayati</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zendehdel, Abolfazl" sort="Zendehdel, Abolfazl" uniqKey="Zendehdel A" first="Abolfazl" last="Zendehdel">Abolfazl Zendehdel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Geriatric Department, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Geriatric Department, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Manafi, Navid" sort="Manafi, Navid" uniqKey="Manafi N" first="Navid" last="Manafi">Navid Manafi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hajiabdolbaghi, Mahboubeh" sort="Hajiabdolbaghi, Mahboubeh" uniqKey="Hajiabdolbaghi M" first="Mahboubeh" last="Hajiabdolbaghi">Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ahmadinejad, Zahra" sort="Ahmadinejad, Zahra" uniqKey="Ahmadinejad Z" first="Zahra" last="Ahmadinejad">Zahra Ahmadinejad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kouchak, Hamid Emadi" sort="Kouchak, Hamid Emadi" uniqKey="Kouchak H" first="Hamid Emadi" last="Kouchak">Hamid Emadi Kouchak</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jafari, Sirous" sort="Jafari, Sirous" uniqKey="Jafari S" first="Sirous" last="Jafari">Sirous Jafari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khalili, Hosein" sort="Khalili, Hosein" uniqKey="Khalili H" first="Hosein" last="Khalili">Hosein Khalili</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salehi, Mohamadreza" sort="Salehi, Mohamadreza" uniqKey="Salehi M" first="Mohamadreza" last="Salehi">Mohamadreza Salehi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seifi, Arash" sort="Seifi, Arash" uniqKey="Seifi A" first="Arash" last="Seifi">Arash Seifi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Golestan, Fereshteh Shahmari" sort="Golestan, Fereshteh Shahmari" uniqKey="Golestan F" first="Fereshteh Shahmari" last="Golestan">Fereshteh Shahmari Golestan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghiasvand, Fereshteh" sort="Ghiasvand, Fereshteh" uniqKey="Ghiasvand F" first="Fereshteh" last="Ghiasvand">Fereshteh Ghiasvand</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran. Electronic address: ghiasvand_62@yahoo.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Iran</country><wicri:regionArea>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tehran 14197-33141</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International journal of antimicrobial agents</title><idno type="eISSN">1872-7913</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Anti-Infective Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Azithromycin (therapeutic use)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (drug effects)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (pathogenicity)</term><term>C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (mortality)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (pathology)</term><term>Disease Progression (MeSH)</term><term>Drug Combinations (MeSH)</term><term>Female (MeSH)</term><term>Heart Rate (physiology)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (therapeutic use)</term><term>Intensive Care Units (MeSH)</term><term>Lopinavir (therapeutic use)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Middle Aged (MeSH)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Patient Safety (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (mortality)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (pathology)</term><term>Prognosis (MeSH)</term><term>Respiratory Function Tests (MeSH)</term><term>Ritonavir (therapeutic use)</term><term>Survival Analysis (MeSH)</term><term>T-Lymphocytes (pathology)</term><term>T-Lymphocytes (virology)</term><term>Tomography, X-Ray Computed (MeSH)</term><term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen (MeSH)</term><term>Analyse de survie (MeSH)</term><term>Anti-infectieux (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Association médicamenteuse (MeSH)</term><term>Azithromycine (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques)</term><term>Betacoronavirus (pathogénicité)</term><term>Femelle (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (imagerie diagnostique)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (mortalité)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Lopinavir (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Lymphocytes T (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Lymphocytes T (virologie)</term><term>Mâle (MeSH)</term><term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (imagerie diagnostique)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (mortalité)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Pronostic (MeSH)</term><term>Protéine C-réactive (métabolisme)</term><term>Ritonavir (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Rythme cardiaque (physiologie)</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH)</term><term>Sujet âgé (MeSH)</term><term>Sécurité des patients (MeSH)</term><term>Tests de la fonction respiratoire (MeSH)</term><term>Tomodensitométrie (MeSH)</term><term>Unités de soins intensifs (MeSH)</term><term>Évolution de la maladie (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>C-Reactive Protein</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-Infective Agents</term><term>Azithromycin</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term><term>Lopinavir</term><term>Ritonavir</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Lymphocytes T</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic imaging" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="imagerie diagnostique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Protéine C-réactive</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Betacoronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term><term>T-Lymphocytes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Rythme cardiaque</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Heart Rate</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Anti-infectieux</term><term>Azithromycine</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term><term>Lopinavir</term><term>Ritonavir</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lymphocytes T</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>T-Lymphocytes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Disease Progression</term><term>Drug Combinations</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Intensive Care Units</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Patient Safety</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Respiratory Function Tests</term><term>Survival Analysis</term><term>Tomography, X-Ray Computed</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Analyse de survie</term><term>Association médicamenteuse</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Pronostic</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sécurité des patients</term><term>Tests de la fonction respiratoire</term><term>Tomodensitométrie</term><term>Unités de soins intensifs</term><term>Évolution de la maladie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">As no specific pharmacological treatment has been validated for use in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we aimed to assess the effectiveness of azithromycin (AZM) in these patients at a referral centre in Iran. An open-label, randomised controlled trial was conducted on patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. A total of 55 patients in the control group receiving hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) were compared with 56 patients in the case group who in addition to the same regimen also received AZM. Patients with prior cardiac disease were excluded from the study. Furthermore, patients from the case group were assessed for cardiac arrythmia risk based on the American College of Cardiology (ACC) risk assessment for use of AZM and HCQ. The main outcome measures were vital signs, SpO<sub>2</sub> levels, duration of hospitalisation, need for and length of intensive care unit admission, mortality rate and results of 30-day follow-up after discharge. Initially, there was no significant difference between the general conditions and vital signs of the two groups. The SpO<sub>2</sub> levels at discharge were significantly higher, the respiratory rate was lower and the duration of admission was shorter in the case group. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the two groups. Patients who received AZM in addition to HCQ and LPV/r had a better general condition. HCQ+AZM combination may be beneficial for individuals who are known to have a very low underlying risk for cardiac arrhythmia based on the ACC criteria.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32853672</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1872-7913</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>56</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Oct</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of antimicrobial agents</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Antimicrob Agents</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Safety and effectiveness of azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: An open-label randomised trial.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>106143</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0924-8579(20)30341-1</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106143</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>As no specific pharmacological treatment has been validated for use in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we aimed to assess the effectiveness of azithromycin (AZM) in these patients at a referral centre in Iran. An open-label, randomised controlled trial was conducted on patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. A total of 55 patients in the control group receiving hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) were compared with 56 patients in the case group who in addition to the same regimen also received AZM. Patients with prior cardiac disease were excluded from the study. Furthermore, patients from the case group were assessed for cardiac arrythmia risk based on the American College of Cardiology (ACC) risk assessment for use of AZM and HCQ. The main outcome measures were vital signs, SpO<sub>2</sub> levels, duration of hospitalisation, need for and length of intensive care unit admission, mortality rate and results of 30-day follow-up after discharge. Initially, there was no significant difference between the general conditions and vital signs of the two groups. The SpO<sub>2</sub> levels at discharge were significantly higher, the respiratory rate was lower and the duration of admission was shorter in the case group. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the two groups. Patients who received AZM in addition to HCQ and LPV/r had a better general condition. HCQ+AZM combination may be beneficial for individuals who are known to have a very low underlying risk for cardiac arrhythmia based on the ACC criteria.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd and International Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sekhavati</LastName><ForeName>Ehsan</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Cardiology, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jafari</LastName><ForeName>Fatemeh</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran; Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: fatemejafari72@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>SeyedAlinaghi</LastName><ForeName>SeyedAhmad</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jamalimoghadamsiahkali</LastName><ForeName>Saeidreza</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sadr</LastName><ForeName>Sara</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tabarestani</LastName><ForeName>Mohammad</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Medical Students Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pirhayati</LastName><ForeName>Mohammad</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zendehdel</LastName><ForeName>Abolfazl</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Geriatric Department, Ziayian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Manafi</LastName><ForeName>Navid</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hajiabdolbaghi</LastName><ForeName>Mahboubeh</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ahmadinejad</LastName><ForeName>Zahra</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kouchak</LastName><ForeName>Hamid Emadi</ForeName><Initials>HE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jafari</LastName><ForeName>Sirous</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khalili</LastName><ForeName>Hosein</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Salehi</LastName><ForeName>Mohamadreza</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Seifi</LastName><ForeName>Arash</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Golestan</LastName><ForeName>Fereshteh Shahmari</ForeName><Initials>FS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ghiasvand</LastName><ForeName>Fereshteh</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Liver Transplantation Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran. Electronic address: ghiasvand_62@yahoo.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016449">Randomized Controlled Trial</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>25</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Netherlands</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Antimicrob Agents</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9111860</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0924-8579</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000890">Anti-Infective Agents</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004338">Drug Combinations</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C558899">lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>2494G1JF75</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D061466">Lopinavir</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>4QWG6N8QKH</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006886">Hydroxychloroquine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>83905-01-5</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D017963">Azithromycin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9007-41-4</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002097">C-Reactive Protein</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>O3J8G9O825</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D019438">Ritonavir</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName><SupplMeshName Type="Organism" UI="C000656484">severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</SupplMeshName></SupplMeshList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000890" MajorTopicYN="N">Anti-Infective Agents</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017963" MajorTopicYN="N">Azithromycin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000073640" MajorTopicYN="N">Betacoronavirus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000187" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug effects</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000472" MajorTopicYN="N">pathogenicity</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002097" MajorTopicYN="N">C-Reactive Protein</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018352" MajorTopicYN="N">Coronavirus Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000000981" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnostic imaging</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000401" MajorTopicYN="N">mortality</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018450" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Progression</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004338" MajorTopicYN="N">Drug Combinations</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006339" MajorTopicYN="N">Heart Rate</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006886" MajorTopicYN="N">Hydroxychloroquine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007362" MajorTopicYN="N">Intensive Care Units</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D061466" MajorTopicYN="N">Lopinavir</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D058873" MajorTopicYN="N">Pandemics</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D061214" MajorTopicYN="N">Patient Safety</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011024" MajorTopicYN="N">Pneumonia, Viral</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000000981" MajorTopicYN="N">diagnostic imaging</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000188" MajorTopicYN="Y">drug therapy</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000401" MajorTopicYN="N">mortality</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011379" MajorTopicYN="N">Prognosis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012129" MajorTopicYN="N">Respiratory Function Tests</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019438" MajorTopicYN="N">Ritonavir</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000627" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapeutic use</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016019" MajorTopicYN="N">Survival Analysis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013601" MajorTopicYN="N">T-Lymphocytes</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014057" MajorTopicYN="N">Tomography, X-Ray Computed</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016896" MajorTopicYN="N">Treatment Outcome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Azithromycin</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Hydroxychloroquine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Lopinavir</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ritonavir</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>03</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>27</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>2</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>28</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32853672</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S0924-8579(20)30341-1</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106143</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7445147</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Iran</li></country></list><tree><country name="Iran"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sekhavati, Ehsan" sort="Sekhavati, Ehsan" uniqKey="Sekhavati E" first="Ehsan" last="Sekhavati">Ehsan Sekhavati</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ahmadinejad, Zahra" sort="Ahmadinejad, Zahra" uniqKey="Ahmadinejad Z" first="Zahra" last="Ahmadinejad">Zahra Ahmadinejad</name><name sortKey="Ghiasvand, Fereshteh" sort="Ghiasvand, Fereshteh" uniqKey="Ghiasvand F" first="Fereshteh" last="Ghiasvand">Fereshteh Ghiasvand</name><name sortKey="Golestan, Fereshteh Shahmari" sort="Golestan, Fereshteh Shahmari" uniqKey="Golestan F" first="Fereshteh Shahmari" last="Golestan">Fereshteh Shahmari Golestan</name><name sortKey="Hajiabdolbaghi, Mahboubeh" sort="Hajiabdolbaghi, Mahboubeh" uniqKey="Hajiabdolbaghi M" first="Mahboubeh" last="Hajiabdolbaghi">Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi</name><name sortKey="Jafari, Fatemeh" sort="Jafari, Fatemeh" uniqKey="Jafari F" first="Fatemeh" last="Jafari">Fatemeh Jafari</name><name sortKey="Jafari, Sirous" sort="Jafari, Sirous" uniqKey="Jafari S" first="Sirous" last="Jafari">Sirous Jafari</name><name sortKey="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali, Saeidreza" sort="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali, Saeidreza" uniqKey="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali S" first="Saeidreza" last="Jamalimoghadamsiahkali">Saeidreza Jamalimoghadamsiahkali</name><name sortKey="Khalili, Hosein" sort="Khalili, Hosein" uniqKey="Khalili H" first="Hosein" last="Khalili">Hosein Khalili</name><name sortKey="Kouchak, Hamid Emadi" sort="Kouchak, Hamid Emadi" uniqKey="Kouchak H" first="Hamid Emadi" last="Kouchak">Hamid Emadi Kouchak</name><name sortKey="Manafi, Navid" sort="Manafi, Navid" uniqKey="Manafi N" first="Navid" last="Manafi">Navid Manafi</name><name sortKey="Pirhayati, Mohammad" sort="Pirhayati, Mohammad" uniqKey="Pirhayati M" first="Mohammad" last="Pirhayati">Mohammad Pirhayati</name><name sortKey="Sadr, Sara" sort="Sadr, Sara" uniqKey="Sadr S" first="Sara" last="Sadr">Sara Sadr</name><name sortKey="Salehi, Mohamadreza" sort="Salehi, Mohamadreza" uniqKey="Salehi M" first="Mohamadreza" last="Salehi">Mohamadreza Salehi</name><name sortKey="Seifi, Arash" sort="Seifi, Arash" uniqKey="Seifi A" first="Arash" last="Seifi">Arash Seifi</name><name sortKey="Seyedalinaghi, Seyedahmad" sort="Seyedalinaghi, Seyedahmad" uniqKey="Seyedalinaghi S" first="Seyedahmad" last="Seyedalinaghi">Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi</name><name sortKey="Tabarestani, Mohammad" sort="Tabarestani, Mohammad" uniqKey="Tabarestani M" first="Mohammad" last="Tabarestani">Mohammad Tabarestani</name><name sortKey="Zendehdel, Abolfazl" sort="Zendehdel, Abolfazl" uniqKey="Zendehdel A" first="Abolfazl" last="Zendehdel">Abolfazl Zendehdel</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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